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Canonical Source · peer reviewed study
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Evidence context
Evidence roles describe what this source helps establish inside each Investigation. They are local to that use, not permanent labels attached to the publication itself.
Investigation
Measurements of modern connected-home devices found low average radiofrequency exposures in the tested homes. This was an exposure survey, not a cancer follow-up study.
Investigation
Joyner et al. 2024 tested 55 devices in 23 categories and two smart apartments with over 50 and 100 connected devices; the six-minute RF averages were 0.0077% and 0.44% of an ICNIRP 2020 public 30-minute reference. The exposure survey did not randomize nighttime router shutdown or measure cancer prevention; its industry funding and reference averaging mismatch are relevant.
Subject families