Investigation
Is 'left-handed' natural vitamin C different from 'right-handed' synthetic vitamin C?
In a nine-participant randomized crossover comparison of 200 mg synthetic vitamin C versus an equivalent amount from kiwifruit, plasma exposure did not significantly differ (plasma AUC p=0.483), but urinary vitamin C excretion was higher following the fruit (urinary AUC p=0.004). This short-term matrix-related finding does not establish different vitamin C stereoisomers or clinical outcomes.