This page documents how this source is reused across Claim by Claim. A source can support, challenge, qualify or contextualize different claims; appearing here does not imply endorsement of every linked proposition.
Evidence roles describe what this source helps establish inside each Investigation. They are local to that use, not permanent labels attached to the publication itself.
E-numbers are regulatory identifiers for individually assessed additives, not a shared toxicity class; authorization considers identity, exposure and toxicology substance by substance.
Challenges
EFSA describes E-numbers as identifiers for many different authorized additives, including nutrients and gelling agents, not an intrinsic toxicity classification.
Food-safety regulation evaluates named substances and functions rather than treating chemical identity itself as a toxicity category.
Challenges
Regulatory food-science materials identify familiar natural constituents such as ascorbic acid, pectin, lycopene and lecithin as chemical substances, contradicting the literal chemical-free claim.
Challenges
Water, proteins, vitamins and plant pigments are chemical substances; a physically real edible material cannot literally be devoid of chemical constituents.